Science behind Hindu Stories

Science behind Hindu Stories (Draft):
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The Earth is Round:

Its not such a big thing now that we have gone to space and verified that the Earth is round. But when there were no way to go so high (or so we think) we have stories to prove that Hindu knew the Earth is round.

Story 1:

Lord Vishnu takes the incarnation of Varaha (Boar), puts the earth between his tusks, and fights the demons.

The depiction of Earth here is a Ball that fits well between his tusks.

Story 2:

To test there children Lord Shiva and Parvati ask Ganesha and Kartik to go around the Earth for 3 times.

Kartik, on his Peacock, doesn't give a second thought and starts the race, by flying on it.

Ganesh, on the other hand, obviously cant compete on his mouse. So he takes Pradakshan around his parents, and wins the race much faster.

Here, Kartik still goes around the Earth, a circular object, three times.

The Earth is a huge Magnet

Until Newton told the world about Gravity no one knew about it, or did we know before that?

Story:

Parvati creates a sculpture out of Haldi (Turmeric) and pours life in it. She asks him to guard her home.

Shiva comes to meet his wife, but the kid doesn't allow. Shiva goes back and lets the others try to convince the kid to move, or let him pass. No one succeeds. After all he is the creation of Aadi Shakti (First/Pure Power).

The kid playfully outwits all. Shiva in a fit of rage, throws his Trishul (trident) and decapitates him.

Parvati, realizes whats happening outside and comes out, only to realize her head less kids body.

She becomes furious, and all are afraid. Shiva convinces her that he would make him alive, sends Vishnu to fetch the first thing thats sleeping with its head pointed to North. Vishnu finds an elephant doing the same. He brings his head, and Ganesha gets his elephant head after a Yagna.

If we place a piece of Iron in the earth for some time, it slowly magnetizes.

Our body has Iron and so it has some effect of the huge magnet in earth. If we point our head to North, our Body miss-aligns with the magnetic lines of the Earth, and we are sure to be taken ill slowly but surely. Thats why we are advised not to do so by this story.

The Big Bang Theory:

There was a vast nothingness, and then there was a Big Bang, and the Universe started forming.

Story

The first thing that has happened is that there was a sound originated from Shiva's Damaru, and the Universe started forming. The sound wasn't any simple bang, but was as if all the letters of Sanskrit were spoken like a word.

From this form of positive Energy the creation of Universe started.

Time Dilation

Einstein said Gravity distorts space, bends light, etc. Also, if we can travel much faster than others, or as we come closer to speed of light, the Time moves much slower. If we were to travel in a space ship thats going real fast those inside will age much lesser. Those outside will age normally.

People travelling with such speed, when they come back to the normal, they will see that others have aged or are long dead.

Story:

A king goes to Brahma to find out who is the best match for his daughter. On Brahma Loka time runs different, and in the brief time he spends there, ages have passed on Earth. In fact, while he is from Satya Yuga (1st Yuga), on earth it is Dwapar Yuga (3rd Yuga). Brahma advises him to marry his daughter to Balram.

The king heeds the creators advise and approaches Balram. They are still in space, so Balram pulls the princes down to earth using his Hal.

Flight

Humans wanted to fly for ages, or did we fly long before others dreamt of it?

Story:

The Pushpak Viman is a good example to show that ancient Hindu flew in chariots. Whats more interesting is there are specific chapters to show how it could be made.

Darwins Theory or Evolution of Species:

Story:

Ram took the help of vanaras (Apes). This shows that Homo Sapiens and Apes co-existed.

They had there own way of life but respected each other and one did not hunt or try to end the life of others.

This is different to what appears to be in Europe, or else where, were the Homo Sapiens tried to kill other species.

Science behind Hindu traditions

Science behind Hindu traditions:
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Indian Customs Vs Scientific Reasons Traditions in Hinduism were considered mainly as superstitions, but with the advent of science, it is becoming evident that these traditions are based on some scientific knowledge and moved from generations to generations as traditions. Though the common people did not know science in it, they were following it very faithfully over the years. This blog is an attempt to bring forward the science involved in these traditions and rituals...

1. Throwing Coins into a River: The general reasoning given for this act is that it brings Good Luck. However, scientifically speaking, in the ancient times, most of the currency used was made of copper unlike the stainless steel coins of today. Copper is a vital metal very useful to the human body. Throwing coins in the river was one way our fore-fathers ensured we intake sufficient copper as part of the water as rivers were the only source of drinking water. Making it a custom ensured that all of us follow the practice.

2. Joining Both Palms together to Greet: In Hindu culture, people greet each other by joining their palms - termed as “Namaskar.” The general reason behind this tradition is that greeting by joining both the palms means respect. However, scientifically speaking, joining both hands ensures joining the tips of all the fingers together; which are denoted to the pressure points of eyes, ears, and mind. Pressing them together is said to activate the pressure points which helps us remember that person for a long time. And, no germs since we don’t make any physical contact!

3. Why do Indian Women wear Toe Ring: Wearing toe rings is not just the significance of married women but there is science behind it. Normally toe rings are worn on the second toe. A particular nerve from the second toe connects the uterus and passes to heart. Wearing toe ring on this finger strengthens the uterus. It will keep it healthy by regulating the blood flow to it and menstrual cycle will be regularized. As Silver is a good conductor, it also absorbs polar energies from the earth and passes it to the body.

4. Applying Tilak on the Forehead: On the forehead, between the two eyebrows, is a spot that is considered as a major nerve point in human body since ancient times. The Tilak is believed to prevent the loss of "energy", the red 'kumkum' between the eyebrows is said to retain energy in the human body and control the various levels of concentration. While applying kumkum the points on the mid-brow region and Adnya-chakra are automatically pressed. This also facilitates the blood supply to the face muscles.

5. Why do Temples have Bells: People who are visiting the temple should and will Ring the bell before entering the inner sanctum (Garbhagudi or Garbha Gruha or womb-chamber) where the main idol is placed. According to Agama Sastra, the bell is used to give sound for keeping evil forces away and the ring of the bell is pleasant to God. However, the scientific reason behind bells is that their ring clears our mind and helps us stay sharp and keep our full concentration on devotional purpose. These bells are made in such a way that when they produce a sound it creates a unity in the Left and Right parts of our brains. The moment we ring the bell, it produces a sharp and enduring sound which lasts for minimum of 7 seconds in echo mode. The duration of echo is good enough to activate all the seven healing centres in our body. This results in emptying our brain from all negative thoughts.

6. Why do we have Navratras: Our living style has drastically changed if we compare it to the society hundreds & thousands of years ago. The traditions which we follow in present are not establishments of today but of the past. Ever thought, why do we have Navratras twice a year unlike other festivals like Deepawali or Holi? Well, both these months are the months of changing seasons and the eating habits of both the seasons are quite different from each other. Navratras give enough time to the body to adjust and prepare itself for to the changing season. These nine days were marked as a period when people would clean their body system by keeping fasts by avoiding excessive salt and sugar, meditate, gain a lot of positive energy, gain a lot of self confidence & increase the self determination power (fasts are a medium to improve our will power and self determination) and finally get ready for the challenges of the changed season.

7. Why do we worship Tulsi Plant: Hindu religion has bestowed ‘Tulsi’, with the status of mother. Also known as ‘Sacred or Holy Basil’, Tulsi, has been recognized as a religious and spiritual devout in many parts of the world. The vedic sages knew the benefits of Tulsi and that is why they personified it as a Goddess and gave a clear message to the entire community that it needs to be taken care of by the people, literate or illiterate. We try to protect it because it is like Sanjeevani for the mankind. Tulsi has great medicinal properties. It is a remarkable antibiotic. Taking Tulsi everyday in tea or otherwise increases immunity and help the drinker prevent diseases, stabilize his or her health condition, balance his or her body system and most important of all, prolong his or her life. Keeping Tulsi plant at home prevents insects and mosquitoes from entering the house. It is said that snakes do not dare to go near a Tulsi plant. Maybe that is why ancient people would grow lots of Tulsi near their houses.

8. Why do we worship Peepal Tree: ‘Peepal’ tree is almost useless for an ordinary person, except for its shadow. ‘Peepal’ does not a have a delicious fruit, its wood is not strong enough for any purpose then why should a common villager or person worship it or even care for it? Our ancestors knew that ‘Peepal’ is one of the very few trees (or probably the only tree) which produces oxygen even at night. So in order to save this tree because of its unique property they related it to God/religion.

9. Start with Spice & End with Sweet: Our ancestors have stressed on the fact that our meals should be started off with something spicy and sweet dishes should be taken towards the end. The significance of this eating practice is that while spicy things activate the digestive juices and acids and ensure that the digestion process goes on smoothly and efficiently, sweets or carbohydrates pulls down the digestive process. Hence, sweets were always recommended to be taken as a last item.

10. Choti on the Male Head: Sushrut rishi, the foremost surgeon of Ayurveda, describes the master sensitive spot on the head as Adhipati Marma, where there is a nexus of all nerves. The shikha protects this spot. Below, in the brain, occurs the Brahmarandhra, where the sushumnã (nerve) arrives from the lower part of the body. In Yog, Brahmarandhra is the highest, seventh chakra, with the thousand-petalled lotus. It is the centre of wisdom. The knotted shikhã helps boost this centre and conserve its subtle energy known as Ojas.

11. Applying Mehendi/Henna on the Hand: Besides lending color to the hands, mehndi is a very powerful medicinal herb. Weddings are stressful, and often, the stress causes headaches and fevers. As the wedding day approaches, the excitement mixed with nervous anticipation can take its toll on the bride and groom. Application of mehndi can prevent too much stress because it cools the body and keeps the nerves from becoming tense. This is the reason why mehndi is applied on the hands and feet, which house nerve endings in the body.

12. Celebration & Cleaning During Diwali: Diwali usually falls in October or November which marks the start of winter season and end of rainy season. Rainy season wasn't a good time for everyone back then; many homes needed repair and renovation after a heavy fall. That is why time before diwali was considered the period during which everyone can indulge in cleaning and beautification of their home. And also take out their winter clothes and pack the summer ones.

13. Sitting on the Floor & Eating: This tradition is not just about sitting on floor and eating, it is regarding sitting in the “Sukhasan” position and then eating. Sukhasan is the position we normally use for Yoga asanas. Sitting in this position while eating helps in improving digestion as the circulatory system can focus solely upon digestion and not on our legs dangling from a chair or supporting us while we are standing.

14. Why not to sleep with Your Head towards North: Myth is that it invites ghost or death but science says that it is because human body has its own magnetic field (Also known as hearts magnetic field, because the flow of blood) and Earth is a giant magnet. When we sleep with head towards north, our body's magnetic field become completely asymmetrical to the Earth's Magnetic field. That cause problems related to blood pressure and our heart needs to work harder in order to overcome this asymmetry of Magnetic fields. Apart from this another reason is that Our body have significant amount of iron in our blood. When we sleep in this position, iron from the whole body starts to congregate in brain. This can cause headache, Alzheimer’s Disease, Cognitive Decline, Parkinson disease and brain degeneration.

15. Surya Namaskar: Hindus have a tradition of paying regards to Sun God early in the morning by their water offering ritual. It was mainly because looking at Sun rays through water or directly at that time of the day is good for eyes and also by waking up to follow this routine, we become prone to a morning lifestyle and mornings are proven to be the most effective part of the day.

16. Ear Piercing in Children: Piercing the ears has a great importance in Indian ethos. Indian physicians and philosophers believe that piercing the ears helps in the development of intellect, power of thinking and decision making faculties. Talkativeness fritters away life energy. Ear piercing helps in speech-restraint. It helps to reduce impertinent behaviour and the ear-channels become free from disorders. This idea appeals to the Western world as well, and so they are getting their ears pierced to wear fancy earrings as a mark of fashion.

17. Application of Sindoor or Vermillion: It is interesting to note that that the application of sindoor by married women carries a physiological significance. This is so because Sindoor is prepared by mixing turmeric-lime and the metal mercury. Due to its intrinsic properties, mercury, besides controlling blood pressure also activates sexual drive. This also explains why Sindoor is prohibited for the widows. For best results, Sindoor should be applied right upto the pituitary gland where all our feelings are centered. Mercury is also known for removing stress and strain.

18. The scientific explanation of ouching Feet(charan sparsh): Usually, the person of whose feet you are touching is either old or pious. When they accept your respect which came from your reduced ego (and is called your shraddha) their hearts emit positive thoughts and energy (which is called their karuna) which reaches you through their hands and toes. In essence, the completed circuit enables flow of energy and increases cosmic energy, switching on a quick connect between two minds and hearts. To an extent, the same is achieved through handshakes and hugs. The nerves that start from our brain spread across all your body. These nerves or wires end in the fingertips of your hand and feet. When you join the fingertips of your hand to those of their opposite feet, a circuit is immediately formed and the energies of two bodies are connected. Your fingers and palms become the ‘receptor’ of energy and the feet of other person become the ‘giver’ of energy.

19. Why do we Fast: The underlying principle behind fasting is to be found in Ayurveda. This ancient Indian medical system sees the basic cause of many diseases as the accumulation of toxic materials in the digestive system. Regular cleansing of toxic materials keeps one healthy. By fasting, the digestive organs get rest and all body mechanisms are cleansed and corrected. A complete fast is good for heath, and the occasional intake of warm lemon juice during the period of fasting prevents the flatulence. Since the human body, as explained by Ayurveda, is composed of 80% liquid and 20% solid, like the earth, the gravitational force of the moon affects the fluid contents of the body. It causes emotional imbalances in the body, making some people tense, irritable and violent. Fasting acts as antidote, for it lowers the acid content in the body which helps people to retain their sanity. Research suggests there are major health benefits to caloric restriction like reduced risks of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, immune disorders etc.

20. Why Idol Worship: Hinduism propagates idol worship more than any other religion. Researchers say that this was initiated for the purpose of increasing concentration during prayers. According to psychiatrists, a man will shape his thoughts as per what he sees. If you have 3 different objects in front of you, your thinking will change according to the object you are viewing. Similarly, in ancient India, idol worship was established so that when people view idols it is easy for them to concentrate to gain spiritual energy and meditate without mental diversion.

21. Why do Indian Women wear Bangles: Normally the wrist portion is in constant activation on any human. Also the pulse beat in this portion is mostly checked for all sorts of ailments. The Bangles used by women are normally in the wrist part of ones hand and its constant friction increases the blood circulation level. Further more the electricity passing out through outer skin is again reverted to one's own body because of the ring shaped bangles, which has no ends to pass the energy outside but to send it back to the body.

Astrology

Astrology

Indian Astrology considers the Sun, Moon and other planets in the Solar System. Since Gravity is the important concept, a few systems ignore the outer 3 planets, i.e. Uranus, Neptune and Pluto.

Those that consider it, follow a slightly different chart rather the below.

Chart and its explanation:

1. In this chart, numbers in big bold represent the house number,
2. The English name and Indian name of the planet is given (the Indian name may have a small difference in spelling as different areas pronounce it different, but it is the closest of Sanskrit word)
3. Then you can see the names of the Zodiac Sign in English and its Indian name (similar to Sanskrit)
4. The text that is smaller represent the 27 constellations.
5. The symbols in black represent the Zodiac
6. The colorful images are the sun, moon and the planets.

Consideration:

In India, we consider the moon signs, so when a person is born, the house where the moon is, is his Zodiac symbol, the planet in the house its lord, and based on the timing, the constellation is also picked.
Since some constellations overlap the Zodiac, those repeat. For eg. Kruthiga, Mrigasira, Punarvasu repeat in 1,2 and 3 respectively.
So, the consideration is the specific number of the Constellation/Zodiac Sign.
Further more, each Constellation represents one of the 3 Ganas, namely Deva (Angels), Nara (Human), and Danav (Demon) and under one of the 3 Nadis, namely Pustha (First), Madhya (Middle), and Sesha (Last).
The following table depicts the above information.

Deva	1	5	7	8	13	15	17	22	27
Nara	2	4	6	11	12	20	21	25	26
Danava	3	9	10	14	16	18	19	23	24

Pustha Nadi	3	8	9	14	15	20	21	26	27
Madhya Nadi	4	7	10	13	16	19	22	25	1
Sesha Nadi	5	6	11	12	17	18	23	24	2

These help in understanding the characteristics of a person and his future.

Vishnus Avatars, etc

More Comparisons in Hindu Mythology (work in Progress)

A fish saves all forms of life and carries them from one point to another in a massive ship in a huge ocean.
A turtle carries a huge mountain while the forces of Nature (the devatas) and Rakshasa churn the ocean to bring various valuable things and life in the making.
A boar digs out the earth and brings it out of the ocean.
A lion rules the forest and ensure the balance. Kills the evil rakshas.
As a short brahmin asks for 3 steps of land and takes all. Lets the king remain and rule.
As Parasuram avenges his mother, As Ram saves his wife, As Krishna helps his sister.

Ram	Krishna
Ram is perfect son [goes to forest for his father] brother [opts to stay back in the forest if his brother wants to, does not wish to go back to his kingdom, if his brother Bharata wants to remain the king] husband [despite being a king, vows to have one wife, goes great distance to save and free her] student [obeys his Guru, even to go against his favorite bhakta Hanuman] king [opts to leave his beloved wife, for the sake of his people, he asks his brother Lakshman to leave his wife Sita in the forest, but doesn't abandon his people above all the enforcer of dharma by the word and deed	Krishna is beyond perfect born to a mother, brought up by another brother [though he and Balram defeat a vast evil force of Kansa and Kansa himself, he lets his brother be the ruler] for all those good people who wanted to enjoy his company on earth, he satisfies them as a child, friend, protector, and a above all loving husband [he has 16000 wiwes, sages in their previous births] friend (he embraces Sudama his friend from child hood) protects his people by defeating and if necessary moving all the people to a safer place protector of dharma by using a little rule bending only to achive the inevitable
Ram favors son of Surya/Sun vs son of Indra Ram helps Sugriva by killing Vali Why? Since Indra's son, Vali is super strong and can absorb others strengths.	Krishna favors son of Indra vs son of Surya Krishna helps Arjuna kill Karna Here it is help kill....since Suray's son had comparative advantage over Indra's son. Why? Karna was born with [Kavach Kundall] Earrings that could make him immortal and Golden Armor that could protect him and was practically in-defeat-able while the Sun shined.
Ram takes Help Ram takes the help of a vast Vanara Sena[ape army] and other animals [Jambavatha, the bear king, Jtayu and Sampathi, the vulture brothers, Garuda the king of the Birds, vehicle of Vishnu] Ram is helped by the sons of devatas Hanuman** <Son of Vayu> [follows him unconditionally] Vali <Son of Indra> [Frees him from life] Sugriva* <Son of Surya> [Makes him a King]	Krishna Helps Krishna helps the Pandavas to build a kingdom evolve/enlighten/learn while they are in exile/van vaas guides them during the battle Krishna helps sons of devatas Bhima** <Son of Vayu> [follows him unconditionally] Arjuna* <Son of Indra> [Frees him from affection and asks him to follow Dharma] Karna <Son of Surya> [Frees him from life] Yudhistra <Son of Yama>
Ram wages war with Ravana the demon king to save his wife. Lakshman is angry younger brother.	Krishna helps his sister and her husband Pandavas. Balram is his elder angry brother.
Ravan is afraid and gathers 100s of Rakshasa/Demons under his rule. Ram kills them in one place.	Kans is afraid and sends Rakshasas to kill Krishna. Krishna kills them.
Ram shoots Vaali	Jara <Vaali reborn as a hunter> shoots Krishna
Ram is 2nd child born after a Yagyan<Fire Ritual> in the palace of Ayodya	Krishna is the 7th child, born in Jail in Mathura
Ram's spent his child hood <as a student>, before coronation <as if he were a ascetic> with his wife and brother, and then his wife had to spend more years in a forest.	Krishna spent his life far from his biological parents as he was taken to Brindavan on a stormy night, right after he was born.
Ram requests the ocean to give way so that he can build a bridge to Lanka, and threatens the Ocean as he gets no response after several days.	Krishna builds a city next to the ocean, the ocean consumes the city after Krishna's time.

Ramayana	Mahabharata
Surya Vanshi The epic is dominated by Surya Vanshis. These people, like the Sun, believe in burning themselves, to uphold the Dharma.	Chandra Vanshi The epic is dominated by Chandra Vanshis. These people think more otherwise.
Common People Hanuman [Plays an active role in finding Sita, fighting battle, serving Sita Ram, proves Bhakta/devotee[he] is better than the God[Ram] or Ram Naam [devotion to Ram] is better than Ram, God has to do the bidding of perfect devotee] Jambvantha [Plays role in invoking Hanumans Strength, and in the battle] Vibhishan [Advices Ram how to act in the war] Parashuram [Gives Ram a mighty bow]	Common People Hanuman [Breaks the ego of Garuda, Balarama, Bhima, Arjuna. Is in the flag of Arjuna's chariot to reduce the effect of dangerous Astras/Missiles.] Jambvantha [Has a wish of fighting Ram fullfilled as Krishna duels him] Vibhishan [Meets Krishna] Parashuram [Gives Krishna his Sudarshan Chakra]

Comparison of Myth Stories

Comparison of Myth Stories (work in Progress)

Longevity of the Gods

Hera had Golden Apples. Hercules went to fetch them for his wife so that she could be cured of a poisonous arrow. When on this mission he lost all his strength. But one bite of this apple, and he gained all his strength.
Eduna had shining Apples which when the Gods ate would not grow old. Loki tricked Eduna to be kidnapped by the giant Thiasir. Loki disguised as a falcon, brought back Eduna as a sparrow, while Thiasir disguised as a Eagle chased them.
In Hindu Myth, the Gods drank Amrut or Nectar that would keep them Immortal. The Gods and the demons had churned the ocean using a mountain to get this Nectar.

Asgard vs Olympus vs Amaravati

The Norse Gods lived in Asgard, The Greek gods lived in Mount Olympus, The Hindu Gods lived in Amaravati also known as Swarga.
Asgard was under the threat of the Snow Giants, Olympus was under the threat from Giants and some times from Hades of Underworld who plotted to overthrow Zeus, and Swarga was under constant attack and take over of the Rakshasas from Underworld.

Trying to alter cause of death

Acrisius, King of Argos came to know that his daughter Danaë's son will be the cause of his death. He locked her. After Perseus was born from Zeus, the king put them in a box and threw them in the ocean.
Kansa came to know that his sister Devaki's 8th son would be the cause of his death. He locked her and her husband. After the birth of every son, Kansa would come and kill them until the 7th.  Balram was transfered to Rohini's womb (Surrogate mother) and Krishna was born, and his father swapped him with Yasoda's child, Durga born as Yoga Maya. She disappeared when Kansa tried to kill her.
For more read http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krishna

Chasers of Sun and Moon

In Hindu Myth, Rahu and Ketu chase around the Sun and Moon and Eclipse occur when they devour them.
In Norse Myth, 2 wolfs chase Sun and Moon.

Importance of Weapons

Thor's weapon Mjolnir was lost and the defense of Asgard was almost lost. Thor disguised as Freya went to the Giants, ate Salmon, a full Ox, Mead, took possession of his hammer, smashed the house and left with it.
Indra lost his mighty weapon to a demon, and fighting other demons was difficult. He went to a sage for help. The sage who had a boon that his bones would be as strong as diamonds lent his Back Bone after giving his life.

Torture/Death of Gods

Loki, the Norse God of mischief tircked Baldr's blind brother Hoor to kill Baldr using Mistletoe. As a punishment Loki was captured, and bound. He was tortured. A poison spewing snake dripped poison on Loki.
Prometheus the Greek God who gave man the gift of fire, despite Zeus disapproval, was punished.
His punishment was that an eagle would eat his liver during the day, and it would grow back. The eagle would continue eating the liver bit by bit.
Atlas the Titan was punished to lift the sky.
Krishna the eigth avatar of Vishnu is not vulnerable to all but a small tree. A hunter made an arrow head of this branch and shot Krishna's feet mistaking it for a dear's leaf and thus killed him.

Death of Gods

In Norse mythology, Loki tricked Hoor to kill Baldr using mistletoe. Baldr goes to the underworld where Lokis daughter Hel receives him.
In Egypt mythology, Seth kills Osiris.
In one version, he asks that anyone who fits the box can claim it. This is tailored for Osiris, and when he fits, Seth locks him in it. He kills him.
Horus, the son of Osiris and Isis son Horus goes to fight Seth and avenges his father. Osiris goes to become the king of the underworld.

Going to Hell for Love

In Greek mythology, Psyche goes to the Underworld for sake of her love. Eros is her love.
In Hindu mythology, Savitri follows Yama for her husband Satyavans life and wins him back.
Like Psyche she is very beautiful, but here men are intimidated by her purity that no one comes to take her as his bride. For more read http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savitri_and_Satyavan.
In Norse mythology, Frigg sends Hermod to Hel, and Hel promises to let Baldr go, if all objects living or dead mourn for him.
All but Loki disguised a crow weep, and so Baldr has to rmain until Ragnarok.
In Egypt mythology, Osiris is brought back to life by Anubis or in other versions by Horus.

Form of Gods

In Greek mythology, Zeus takes form of a falcon when he wants to. Posidon took many forms to mate with Demeter.
In Egypt mythology, Seth has the head of a Jackal and can take various other forms. Horus is a falcon.
In Hindu mythology, Garuda, the vehicle of Vishnu is an eagle. Nandi, the vehicle of Shiva is a bull. Ganesha the son of Parvathi has a head of Elephant. Rahu and Ketu have body of a man and head of a snake and the other has body of snake and head of a man.

After Death

The Greeks cremate their dead after putting 2 coins on their eyes.
The Norse put their kin on a boat and set it on fire while pushing it to the sea.
The Hindus cremate their loved ones and feed many people, the crow and other  animals.
The Egyptians bury their Royal and Nobel after Mummifying them in Pyramids.

Troy and Ramayana

Troy and Ramayana are alike in many ways and not same in many other ways.

Author: Holmer was a blind narrator/orator. His stories were written down. Time: Holmer was supposedly born after centuries of the happening. Side: Holmer was closer to Troy the loosing side.	Author: Valmiki was robber who turned to a sage before writing the Ramayana. Time: Valmiki wrote it as it happened. Side: Valmiki was neutral and left the reader to understand the meanings behind it. He praised Ravana for what he had to be praised, and described flaws where it was necessary, not more, not less.
Trojan Prince Paris smuggles Helen to Troy. Hector helplessly agrees to take her back.	In Ramayana, the Demon King Ravana kidnaps Sita, while his uncle Marichi unwillingly distracts Ram and Lakshman.
Spartan King Menelaus asks for Agamemnon's help and they set sail to attack Troy.	Ram helps Sugriva become the Vanara King and with his help finds Sita and marches to Lanka.
A dual between Paris and Menelaus is done to avoid the battle.	A messenger is sent to offer peace if Ravana is willing to accept his mistakes and return Sita. Avoiding war is the first and best option.
Troy is burnt at the end of the battle by Greeks who sneak in a Trojan Horse.	Hanuman's tail is set on fire by Ravana's soldiers and he spreads the fire in Lanka.

Common Demons/Characters

Minotaur was a greek demon with a head of a bull.
Mahisasura was a demon in Hindu myth who was born of a demon and a buffalo and had a head of a bull.

Achille's mother nymph Thetis dipped him in river Styx by his heel. So his body was vulnerable at his heel only. Hector's brother Paris shoots an arrow (Appolo guides the arrow) at Achille's heel and kills him.
In Mahabharata, Duryodhana's mom asks him to bathe and come before him completely naked so that she can see him and bless him with Armor. Krishna tricks Duryodhana to wear a small leaf on his waist.
When his mother opens her eyes Duryodhana becomes invulnerable but his waist was vulnerable. Bhima hits him at his waist by advise of Krishna and kills him. Krishna later pacifies his brother, an angry Balram who is Duryodhana's teacher.
Krishna is also not vulnerable to all but small tree. Sugriva who wanted to take revenge on Rama was reborn as a hunter. He made an arrow head of this branch and shot Krishna's feet mistaking it for a dear's leaf and thus killing him.

Curses to Gods

No matter what, the Greek Gods were never cursed by other Gods. Instead, their victims were cursed.
For example, Medusa was cursed by Athena when Poseidon raped her in Athena's temple.
The Hindu deities dint get such discounts. Any one could curse a God or any one of any power.
Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma were no exceptions.
Brahma was cursed never to be able to receive any prayers/yagnas. He could be appeased by Tapssya alone.
All the Devatas were cursed to loose there power, wealth, etc. They requested Vishnu's help, they did the Samudra Manthan (Churning of the Ocean) and got many items from the Ocean along with Nectar.
Chandra/Moon was cursed by Daksha to wane away. Shiva cured his curse partially and carried him on his head.
Vishnu was cursed several times. Each curse had a big role in improvement of All Living Beings, and to show them how to behave/act in different scenarios to be good/just.

Affair with Woman

In Greek Mythology different gods have affairs with woman mortal or immortal and produce offspring. Zeus has several affair with many woman. One such case is as follows:
Zeus disguised as  Alcmene's husband, Amphitryon, and spent the night with her.
When Amphitryon returned from a battle, she told that he had spent the previous night with her.

In one Hindu Story, Indra goes to a sages hut, shortly after the sage departs for his daily rituals.
His unaware wife offers her services to Indra who is disguised as the sage.
Right at that movement the sage comes back, and angry at what he sees, he curses Indra and his wife.
His wife becomes of stone, and is brought back to life when Rama passes by during his Vana vas (stay in the forest).

In another Story, a strong demon king Jalandhara is un defeat able mainly due to his pious wife Vrinda. Jalandhar tries to trick Shiva's wife Parvati. Parvati realizes it, and asks Vishnu to do the same to Vrinda. Vishnu takes Jalandhar's form and tricks Vrinda, but she realizes the trick, curses Vishnu, and commits Suicide. Jalandhar becomes vulnerable and is killed by Shiva.
Vishnu is pleased with Vrinda's dedication, and promises to marry her in her next form, which is Tulasi.

Birth from part of Gods

In Greek Mythology, Athena is born on Zeus head, when he has a splitting headache.
Aphrodite was born when Cronus cut off Uranus's genitals and threw them into the sea.

In Hindu Mythology, Brahma is born on a lotus which sprouts from Vishnu's Naval.
Ganesh is made of the Turmeric leftovers from Parvathi's body.
There are several demons born of Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma's body/energy.
Jalandhar was born of Shiva's anger and fire from his third eye and Shiva eventually kills him.
Madhu and Kaitabh originate of Vishnus ears and he kills them.

Flying

While Gods can travel anywhere anytime on their own, they still use animals as Vehicles. This way Hindus respect and take care of animals.
Shiva's Nag (Snake) & Nandi (Bull), Parvati's Lion/Tiger, Vishnu's Garud (Eagle), Laxmi's Cow, etc.
While some earn fear from their aspects, these also earn a special respect.
As for mortals the Greeks had Pegasus (a winged Horse).
In Hindu myth Ravan took control of Kuber's Pushpak Viman (a flying vehicle that can take any number of people and can go anywhere simply by the thoughts of its controller)

Shiva vs Vishnu

More Comparisons in Hindu Mythology

Many people say that so and so person is the best Father/Mother/Brother/Sister/Wife in the world.
It doesn't mean that they are comparing them to all other people in the world.
It means that they got most of whatever they expected and more from them.

Similarly, many people believe in different Gods. Hindus believe in different forms of Gods.
For example, Vishnu has taken several avatars (incarnations), of which 10 (Das Avatar) are considered as most important. His consort, Lakshmi, has accompanied him as and when necessary.
Similarly, Vishnu's sister, Shiva's wife, Parvati or Shakti as she is known, has also taken several avatars. Sati (the one who immolated herself), Parvati (the daughter of Parvat raj/Mountain king Himavant), Kali (the dark one, like her brother Vishnu, she is dark in color).
Lakshmi is worshiped in different forms as well. She is worshiped as Dhana (wealth), Dhanya (Food), Gaja (Elephant), Santana (Children), Vijaya (Win) Lakshmi.
Shiva, his sister Sarasvati (both fair, and giver of education in different fields) and her husband Brahma are worshiped by their main form only.

While Brahma writes/creates life, Shakti provides energy to start/sustain life, Lakshmi provides resources to support life, Vishnu maintains order in life, Sarasvati provides knowledge to the creature how to live the life (how to eat, protect itself, and multiply, etc), Shiva takes care of restoring/re-energizing.


They are like Father (who provides for the family and takes care of them), Mother (who gives life to them, loves them, feeds them, teaches the basics to them), Guru (Teacher who teaches different aspects in life, in different forms), We should not compare the roles and responsibilities of them.

Similarly, It is not wise to compare to differentiate between Gods, but to understand them better, we can compare.

Shiva vs Vishnu (Draft)

Shiva	Vishnu
Destruction for Construction Shiva's Primary role is to Clean/Destroy[Pralaya] the world and prepare it for the next cycle.	Constructive Destruction Vishnu's Primary role is to Clean/Restore the world by reducing the evil.
Role Shiva is a renouncer, sage and does tapasya.	Role Vishnu is a protector.
Home Shiva's wife lives nearby. Like a hermit in the forest while his wife in his house. Shiva bhakt wish to go to Kailash after their death.	Home Vishnu reclines on the Aadi Sesha in Ksheera Samudra and his abode is Vaikuntha, high above, even higher than the Swarga Aadi means begining, Sesha means end, Ksheera Samudra is Milk Ocean or Milky Way. The Devas are either the nature [like Agni <fire>, Vayu <air>, water <Varun>, Indra <Thunder & Rain>, Surya <Sun>, Chandra <Moon> with strong impact] or planets [Mangal, Budh, Brihaspati <Jupiter>, Shani <Saturn>, Rahu, Ketu] that reside in Swarga, which is below the Vaikunth. Vishnu bhakt wish to go to Vaikunth after their death.
Form of worship An ascetic lives far from the world, is seen in various forms when he is doing a leela, otherwise no one knows how he looks, hence his temples have Shiv Ling. Shiv Ling is the humans perceptive of the earth and the sky. The ground is flat, the sky is vast and looks round.	Form of worship A king is close to his citizens, and people know how he looks. So Vishnu's temple have statues of him and his family.
Role of his wife Shiva's wife Parvathi, is Vishnus sister, and like while a wife of sage, lives in Himalayas with him, she also plays of killing Rakshasas by taking different avatars.	Role of his wife Vishnu is like a king and his wife a queen. She takes avatars along with Vishnu to support him. She has another role, spread wealth among people.
Vessel/Vehicle Shiva's vessel is Nandi the bull. All bulls have a hump representing the Shiv Ling.	Vessel/Vehicle Vishnu's vessel is Garuda an eagle.
Brahma is one among the Trimurti, and his role is write the story of each living being that is born. His wife, Saraswati, is his inspiration, and Godess of Education. Brahma has no form of worship, but Saraswati is worshiped.
Bhakta/Devotee Shiva's favorite Bhakt is Nandi. Nandi is also the vehicle of Shiva. Nandi focuses on Shiva and doesn't care of the world. He is present in all Shiva Temples facing Shiva.	Bhakta/Devotee Vishnu/Narayana's favorite Bhakt is Narada. Narada repeats Narayana Narayana and spreads the bhakti of Vishnu. He is a traveler and goes around the world.
Musical Instrument Shiva uses Damaru, a two headed drum, with objects tied to thread. This is used primarily while his tandava dance. He is famous as the Nataraja. The dmarau is on the trishul.	Musical Instrument Before every dharmic/good deed hindus blow Shankh/Conch Shell. This is also used like trumpets to announce the beginning of the battle. Vishnu holds this in his hands. In Krishna Avatar his favorite music instrument is the Flute.

A man has paramatma <the supreme soul> in him. He acts like Vishnu (the protector & caretaker of the world) for his property and people, Brahma <the one who writes how things should be> by deciding/influencing how things should happen and must become Shiva <renouncer> renounce what he owns when time is right.
Likewise paramatma has already decided about us <as Brahma>, protects us <as Vishnu> and welcomes us after we have lived our life <as Shiva>.

Shiva takes the role of punishing Brahma's son Daksh, Vishnu's son Kam Dev, Parvati's son Ganesh. But the Bhole Naath grants life to Daksh with a head of Goat (despite Daksh being the reason of self immolation of his wife Sati), tells Kam Dev's wife that he will be born in Krishna's dynasty, and Ganesh gets the head of Elephant.
Parvati's son Ganesh is so strong that he can beat Brahma, Vishnu and other Devatas. Angry with this, Shiva beheads him.
Shiva kills lord of death Yama himself by simply kicking him with his left leg, when Yama comes to claim Markandeya. Later on request of Marakandeya Yama was brought back to life. Shiva explains that Markandeya was blessed to know all by the age of 16 and Yama misinterpreted that his life would end at 16.
Shiva or Bhole Naath grants Bhasm Asur to be able to turn Bhasm/Ash by simply placing his hand on any ones head. Vishnu takes Mohini Avatar to rescue Shiva.

Shiva helps Vishnu in his avatars.
He is Parashu Ram's teacher and paves the way to destruction of various Kings.
Rudr Avatar Hanuman helps Ram during battle against Ravan and other Rakshasas.
After killing Ravan, Ram and Sita performs Shiv Ling Pratishtha to do paschyataap.
Krishna advises Arjun to appease Shiva to be able to participate in battle against Adharma.
Bhim meets Hanuman as well.
Hanuman comes to stay in the flag of Arjun, and thus along with Krishna, the chariot is able to with stand the various Astra/Sastra <Missile> attacks.